Informatics Publishing Limited

Rakesh P. Patel ¹, Grishma Patel ², Hitesh Patel ², Ashok Baria ²

Affiliations
1 S. K. Patel College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ganpat University, Ganpat vidyanagar, Kherva, Mehsana-Gozaria Highway, PIN-390 001, Gujarat, IN
2 S. K. Patel College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ganpat University, Ganpat vidyanagar, Kherva, Mehsana-Gozaria Highway, PIN-390 001, Gujarat, IN

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to develop a matrix-type transdermal therapeutic system

Containing drug Aceclofenac with different ratios of hydrophilic (hydroxyl propyl cellulose) and hydrophobic (ethyl cellulose) polymeric systems by the solvent evaporation technique by using 15 % w/w of dibutyl phthalate to the polymer weight, incorporated as plasticizer. Different concentrations of oleic acid and isopropyl myristate were used to enhance the transdermal permeation of Aceclofenac. The physicochemical compatibility of the drug and the polymers studied by differential scanning calorimetry and infrared spectroscopy suggested absence of any incompatibility. Formulated transdermal films were physically evaluated with regard to thickness, weight variation, drug content, flatness, tensile strength, folding endurance, percentage of moisture content and water vapour transmission rate. All prepared formulations indicated good physical stability. In-vitro permeation studies of formulations were performed by using Franz diffusion cells. Formulation prepared with hydrophilic polymer containing permeation enhancer showed best in-vitro skin permeation through rat skin (Wistar albino rat) as compared to all other formulations. The results followed the release profile of Aceclofenac followed mixed zero-order and first-order kinetics in different formulation. However, the release profile of the optimized formulation F9 (r2 = 0.9935 for Higuchi) indicated that the permeation of the drug from the patches was governed by a diffusion mechanism. Formulation F9 showed highest flux among all the formulations and 1.369 fold enhancements in drug permeation. These results indicate that the formulation containing 15 % of oleic acid with 10 % Isopropyl myristate give better penetration of Aceclofenac through rat skin.

Keywords

Aceclofenac, Transdermal Film, Permeation Enhancer, In-vitro Permeation Study.

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Grishma Patel ¹

Affiliations
1 Assistant Professor in Electrical Engineering Department of Faculty of Engg. Tech. & Research (F.E.T.R.) college, Isroli-Afwa, Bardoli 394620, IN

Abstract

Now-a-days the DG system based on PV technology is becoming more popular with rang of power generation is between 1 KW to 50 KW because of its advantages like safe, clean, quiet to operate, reliable, maintenance free, flexible etc. Main objective of this paper is the Modeling of PV System components & Analysis of power management is carried out using the MATLAB/SIMULINK platform for different load & different insolation levels. In this paper it is presented that whenever load demand is less than PV capacity then remaining power is supplied to grid and whenever the load demand is more than PV capacity then load will consume the required power from the grid.

Keywords

Photovoltaic (PV), Power Management, MATLAB, Grid

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Grishma Patel ¹

Affiliations
1 Assistant Professor in Electrical Engineering Department of Faculty of Engg. Tech. & Research (F.E.T.R.) College, Bardoli - 394 620, IN

Abstract

The penetration of distributed generation (DG) into the main electricity network is changing the paradigm we used to live with. DG is gaining interest worldwide as numerous benefi ts are associated with this change due to penetration of DG. In this paper the main purpose is to show the basics of distributed generation. The different ways to interface the DG with the utility system are also reported. Penetration of a DG into an existing distribution system has many impacts on the system and equipment operations in terms of steady-state operation, dynamic operation, reliability, power quality, stability and safety for both customers and electricity suppliers. However here in this paper the more focus in on impact of DG on power quality pointing out its positive and negative impacts and its solutions. At last to support this arguments analysis of results are shown which are directly taken from the references, where the results revels the effect of DG on power quality and based on that some conclusions are documented.

Keywords

Distributed Generation (DG), Power Quality and Distributed Power Generation System (DPGS)

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